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Compare Western Sahara (2002) - Saint Helena (2001)

Compare Western Sahara (2002) z Saint Helena (2001)

 Western Sahara (2002)Saint Helena (2001)
 Western SaharaSaint Helena
Administrative divisions none (under de facto control of Morocco) 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%		 0-14 years:
19.08% (male 699; female 687)

15-64 years:
71.72% (male 2,711; female 2,500)

65 years and over:
9.2% (male 286; female 383) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads) corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports 11 (2001) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2002)		 total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 8


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 3 (2002)		 -
Area total: 266,000 sq km


land: 266,000 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
410 sq km

land:
410 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes St. Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands
Area - comparative about the size of Colorado slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC
Background Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed. Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, St. Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population 13.49 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA		 revenues:
$11.2 million

expenditures:
$11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92)
Capital none Jamestown
Climate hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline 1,110 km 60 km
Constitution - 1 January 1989
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Western Sahara


former: Spanish Sahara		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Saint Helena
Currency Moroccan dirham (MAD) Saint Helenian pound (SHP)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 6.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $NA $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty remains unresolved; UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991, but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties reject other proposals none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview Western Sahara depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. The territory lacks sufficient rainfall for sustainable agricultural production, and most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Moroccan energy interests in 2001 signed contracts to explore for oil off the coast of Western Sahara, which has angered the Polisario. Incomes and standards of living in Western Sahara are substantially below the Moroccan level. The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption 83.7 million kWh (2000) 5.6 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 90 million kWh (2000) 6 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)		 fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m


highest point: unnamed location 463 m		 lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m
Environment - current issues sparse water and lack of arable land NA
Environment - international agreements party to: none of the selected agreements


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Arab, Berber African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 11.584 (January 2002), 11.303 (2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997) Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6047 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch none chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government:
Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since NA June 1999)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports $NA $704,000 (f.o.b., 1995)
Exports - commodities phosphates 62% fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts South Africa, UK
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description - blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP purchasing power parity - $NA purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: 40%-45% (1996 est.) (1996 est.)		 agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $NA purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% NA%
Geographic coordinates 24 30 N, 13 00 W 15 56 S, 5 42 W
Geography - note the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns
Highways total: 6,200 km


paved: 1,350 km


unpaved: 4,850 km (1991 est.)		 total:
158 km (Saint Helena 118 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

paved:
138 km (Saint Helena 98km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

unpaved:
NA km 20 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $NA $14.434 million (c.i.f., 1995)
Imports - commodities fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts UK, South Africa
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries phosphate mining, handicrafts construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing
Infant mortality rate NA deaths/1,000 live births 22.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% 3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation none ICFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court
Labor force 12,000 3,500 (1998 est.)

note:
1,200 of whom are working offshore
Labor force - by occupation animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50% agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries total: 2,046 km


border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)		 arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
6%

other:
82% (1993 est.)
Languages Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic English
Legal system - NA
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Council (15 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 July 1997 (next to be held NA August 2001)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years		 total population:
77.01 years

male:
74.13 years

female:
80.04 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%		 definition:
age 20 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
98% (1987 est.)
Location Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about mid-way between South America and Africa
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday - Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality noun: Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s)


adjective: Sahrawian, Sahraouian		 noun:
Saint Helenian(s)

adjective:
Saint Helenian
Natural hazards hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha
Natural resources phosphates, iron ore fish
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - none
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 256,177 (July 2002 est.) 7,266 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate NA (2002 est.) 0.72% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun) Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 56,000 (1997) 3,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km 0 km
Religions Muslim Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio NA at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.08 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed NA years of age
Telephone system general assessment: sparse and limited system


domestic: NA


international: tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco		 general assessment:
can communicate with any place in the world

domestic:
automatic network

international:
HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK ; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use about 2,000 (1999 est.) 2,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1999) 0 (1997)
Television broadcast stations NA 0 (1997)
Terrain mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains

note:
the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman 1.53 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 14% (1998 est.)
Waterways none none
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